Reducing time and costs are important goals of sourcing, but increased regulations and more rigorous enforcement make these goals difficult to achieve. Current trends have forced life science industry companies to more rigorously optimize sourcing activities for raw materials, intermediates, active pharmaceutical ingredients APIs and other material components for both clinical supplies and commercial manufacturing. If managed improperly, sourcing can result in supply chain interruptions, significant unexpected expenses and quality control issues.
How to Write a Summary of an Article? It has been recognized as a part of the American political landscape since The term derives from a redrawing of US Representative districts in Massachusetts before the elections, when Elbridge Gerry was governor. People said the district was reminiscent of a salamander and thus the term Gerry-mander was coined.
The Constitution requires that representation in the House of Representatives be apportioned to states on the basis of population.
So, every ten years we count up the number of people living in each state and making sure that each state gets at least one House member, divide up the rest of the seats among the states equally.
States with large populations get a bigger amount of house seats smaller states get just the one. So after each Census, states and localities have to redraw their district lines to ensure that the districts are roughly equal.
This process redrawing of district lines has been blamed for almost every problem in American politics.
The redistricting process therefore became a target for political reformers. InCalifornians enacted Prop. State legislators would no longer be able to pick their own constituents. An independent commission would be in charge of drawing the lines for the Assembly and Senate. Packing is to concentrate as many voters of the opposition party into a single electoral district to reduce their influence in voting in other districts.
In some cases, this may be done to obtain representation for a community of common interest thus creating i. Gerrymandering is a very serious problem.
Effective gerrymanders can have significant policy implications. In California, for example, it makes a difference whether there are 23 or 24 Republicans in the Senate. If there are 24, Republicans can.
By pre-determining election outcomes, gerrymandering makes actual voting less consequential, and therefore it should discourage voter turnout, but because of a lack of awareness on the subject voter turnout is not significantly affected.
Any variations in voter turnout mostly depend on voter age, income, education, race and ethnicity. An effective way of combating gerrymandering is to follow the example of California and enact something similar to prop.
This will remove partisan machinations from the drawing process and remove the unfair advantage that incumbents have over challengers to their seats. Political Science at University of the Pacific.Our thanks are also due Sahra Ucar, who at short notice stepped in to help with compiling the Appendix, and to Lejla Demiri, who assisted with the sourcing of many adths, and who acted as our guide at the Suleymaniye Library, whence we were able to obtain two of the manuscripts we used for the translation.
Table of Contents April , , Mandarin Oriental Manila Messages 1 About the Organizer 2 Conference Team 3 About the Venue 5 About the Philippines 7 It’s More Fun in. Alexander Neuhausen Jena, Thüringen, Germany Information Technology and Services Experience AGETO December - Present Skills ISML, Web Analytics, Technical.
Acronyms defined - computing acronyms that fit in category computing. * A Combination of Materials * Be used for placing an object on top.
The reason behind these specifications not being fulfilled was mainly due to limitations or the way it would have to be incorporated into the design I chose.
Sourcing By Helen Clegg and Susan Montgomery Sourcing information products is a complex exercise involving many variables. In today’s uncertain business climate, information budgets are sensitive to scrutiny and constantly under threat.